The Effect of Implementing Green Accounting and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Financial Performance with Corporate Governance as a Moderating Variable (Study on Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2021-2024)

Abstrak

This study analyzes the effect of Green Accounting and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on financial performance, with corporate governance serving as a moderating variable, in food and beverage manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021-2024 period. The sample consists of 13 companies selected using a purposive sampling method, with secondary data obtained from annual reports and the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data were analyzed using panel data regression, supported by model selection tests, classical assumption tests, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (Adjusted R²). The results indicate that Green Accounting has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) also has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Furthermore, independent commissioners and institutional ownership, as proxies for corporate governance, have a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Simultaneously, Green Accounting, CSR, independent commissioners, and institutional ownership significantly affect financial performance.

Keywords: Green Accounting, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Corporate Governance, Independent Commissioners, Institutional Ownership, Financial Performance.